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Contents

VOLUME 106•NUMBER 3

JUNE 2001



Table of Contents



In This Issue xiv


Articles


Dynastic Conservatism and Poetic Violence in Fin-de-Siècle Cracow: The Habsburg Matrix of Polish Modernism
By Larry Wolff 735

Talent, Virtue, and the Nation: Chinese Nationalisms and Female Subjectivities in the Early Twentieth Century
By Joan Judge 765


AHR Forum


Introduction 804

Saving Private Ryan and Postwar Memory in America
By John Bodnar 805

Finding the People's War: Film, British Collective Memory, and World War II
By Geoff Eley 818

A War Remembered: Soviet Films of the Great Patriotic War
By Denise J. Youngblood 839

Film and the Matrix of Memory
By Jay Winter 857


Forum Essay


Introduction 865

Land, Labor, and Difference: Elementary Structures of Race
By Patrick Wolfe
Read messages from the online discussion of this article, held Sept. 3-17, 2001, in which the author responds to postings.
866


Review Essay


Remembered Realms: Pierre Nora and French National Memory
By Hue-Tam Ho Tai 906


Reviews of Books

METHODS/THEORY


David Eltis et al. The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade: A Database on CD-ROM.
By James F. Searing 923

Patricia Nelson Limerick. Something in the Soil: Legacies and Reckonings in the New West.
By Stephanie Pincetl 924

Miles Fairburn. Social History: Problems, Strategies and Methods.
By Bryan D. Palmer 924

Noel Parker. Revolutions and History: An Essay in Interpretation.
By Bruce Mazlish 925

Arno J. Mayer. The Furies: Violence and Terror in the French and Russian Revolutions.
By Jeremy D. Popkin 926

James Swenson. On Jean-Jacques Rousseau: Considered as One of the First Authors of the Revolution.
By Carol Blum 927

Timothy Brook and Andre Schmid, editors. Nation Work: Asian Elites and National Identities.
By Prasenjit Duara 928

Joseph Needham. Science and Civilisation in China.
By Carol Benedict 929


COMPARATIVE/WORLD


Paolo Prodi. Una storia della giustizia: Dal pluralismo dei fori al moderno dualismo tra coscienza e diritto.
By Richard Drake 930

Merry E. Wiesner-Hanks. Christianity and Sexuality in the Early Modern World: Regulating Desire, Reforming Practice.
By Peter Sigal 931

Paul Butel. The Atlantic.
By Seymour Drescher 932

Darlene Clark Hine and Jacqueline McLeod, editors. Crossing Boundaries: Comparative History of Black People in Diaspora.
By Thomas J. Davis 933

Kenneth Pomeranz. The Great Divergence: China, Europe, and the Making of the Modern World Economy.
By Robert B. Marks 934

John H. M. Laslett. Colliers across the Sea: A Comparative Study of Class Formation in Scotland and the American Midwest, 1830–1924.
By William E. Van Vugt 935

James C. Whorton. Inner Hygiene: Constipation and the Pursuit of Health in Modern Society.
By Harvey Green 936

Ronald L. Numbers and John Stenhouse, editors. Disseminating Darwinism: The Role of Place, Race, Religion, and Gender.
By Paul Jerome Croce 937

Jonah Siegel. Desire and Excess: The Nineteenth-Century Culture of Art.
By Janis Bergman-Carton 938

Pamela H. Simpson. Cheap, Quick, and Easy: Imitative Architectural Materials, 1870–1930.
By John C. Weaver 939

Bonnie S. Anderson. Joyous Greetings: The First International Women's Movement, 1830–1860.
By Nancy Isenberg 940

David G. Roskies. The Jewish Search for a Usable Past.
By Shmuel Feiner 941

Mitchell B. Hart. Social Science and the Politics of Modern Jewish Identity.
By Andrew R. Heinze 942

Alexander Hicks. Social Democracy and Welfare Capitalism: A Century of Income Security Politics.
By Donald Sassoon 943

Mark Allen Eisner. From Warfare State to Welfare State: World War I, Compensatory State Building, and the Limits of the Modern Order.
By Edward D. Berkowitz 944

William B. McAllister. Drug Diplomacy in the Twentieth Century: An International History.
By Terry Parssinen 945

Richard J. Aldrich. Intelligence and War against Japan: Britain, America and the Politics of Secret Service.
By Saki Dockrill 945

Heide Fehrenbach and Uta G. Poiger, editors. Transactions, Transgressions, Transformations: American Culture in Western Europe and Japan.
By Richard Pells 946


ASIA


Yinong Xu. The Chinese City in Space and Time: The Development of Urban Form in Suzhou; Chye Kiang Heng. Cities of Aristocrats and Bureaucrats: The Development of Medieval Chinese Cityscapes.
By Edward L. Dreyer 948

Kristin Stapleton. Civilizing Chengdu: Chinese Urban Reform, 1895–1937; Michael Tsin. Nation, Governance, and Modernity in China: Canton, 1900–1927.
By Hanchao Lu 949

Joseph P. McDermott, editor. State and Court Ritual in China.
By Norman Kutcher 950

Chen-main Wang. The Life and Career of Hung Ch'eng-ch'ou (1593–1665): Public Service in a Time of Dynastic Change.
By Jerry Dennerline 951

Bradly W. Reed. Talons and Teeth: County Clerks and Runners in the Qing Dynasty.
By Kristin Stapleton 952

Pamela Kyle Crossley. A Translucent Mirror: History and Identity in Qing Imperial Ideology.
By James Millward 953

Harriet T. Zurndorfer, editor. Chinese Women in the Imperial Past: New Perspectives.
By Charlotte Furth 954

Chun-shu Chang and Shelley Hsueh-lun Chang. Redefining History: Ghosts, Spirits, and Human Society in P'u Sung-ling's World, 1640–1715.
By Tsing Yuan 955

Gang Deng. Maritime Sector, Institutions, and Sea Power of Premodern China.
By Hugh R. Clark 956

David D. Wang. Under the Soviet Shadow: The Yining Incident: Ethnic Conflicts and International Rivalry in Xinjiang, 1944–1949.
By Michael Sheng 956

Perry Link. The Uses of Literature: Life in the Socialist Chinese Literary System.
By Richard Kraus 957

Jeffrey C. Kinkley. Chinese Justice, the Fiction: Law and Literature in Modern China.
By Harold M. Tanner 958

Gregory M. Pflugfelder. Cartographies of Desire: Male-Male Sexuality in Japanese Discourse, 1600–1950.
By Gary P. Leupp 959

Chushichi Tsuzuki. The Pursuit of Power in Modern Japan 1825–1995.
By Mikiso Hane 960

Andrew Gordon. The Wages of Affluence: Labor and Management in Postwar Japan.
By W. Dean Kinzley 961

Gi-Wook Shin and Michael Robinson, editors. Colonial Modernity in Korea.
By Dennis L. McNamara 962

Naimah S. Talib. Administrators and Their Service: The Sarawak Administrative Service under the Brooke Rajahs and British Colonial Rule.
By Bob Reece 963

Mark Harrison. Climates and Constitutions: Health, Race, Environment and British Imperialism in India 1600–1850.
By Peter Robb 964

Azra Asghar Ali. The Emergence of Feminism among Indian Muslim Women 1920–1947.
By Antoinette Burton 965

S. Mahmud Ali. Cold War in the High Himalayas: The USA, China and South Asia in the 1950s.
By Gary R. Hess 966


CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES


Peter Moogk. La Nouvelle France: The Making of French Canada—A Cultural History.
By Leslie Choquette 967

Éric Amyot. Le Québec entre Pétain et de Gaulle: Vichy, la France Libre et les Canadiens Français 1940–1945.
By Michael D. Behiels 968

C. Dallett Hemphill. Bowing to Necessities: A History of Manners in America, 1620–1860.
By Tamara Plakins Thornton 969

Robert C. Fuller. Stairways to Heaven: Drugs in American Religious History.
By Julius H. Rubin 970

Biloine Whiting Young and Melvin L. Fowler. Cahokia: The Great Native American Metropolis.
By Roger L. Nichols 971

Judith S. Graham. Puritan Family Life: The Diary of Samuel Sewall.
By Linda A. Pollock 972

Jon Butler. Becoming America: The Revolution before 1776.
By Rhys Isaac 972

John Ferling. Setting the World Ablaze: Washington, Adams, Jefferson and the American Revolution.
By Peter S. Onuf 973

Derek H. Davis. Religion and the Continental Congress 1774–1789: Contributions to Original Intent.
By Mark A. Noll 974

Andrew C. Isenberg. The Destruction of the Bison: An Environmental History, 1750–1920.
By David Rich Lewis 975

Robert Boyd. The Coming of the Spirit of Pestilence: Introduced Infectious Diseases and Population Decline among Northwest Coast Indians, 1774–1874.
By Shepard Krech III 976

Stuart Banner. Legal Systems in Conflict: Property and Sovereignty in Missouri, 1750–1860.
By Thomas D. Morris 976

Darlene Clark Hine and Earnestine Jenkins, editors. A Question of Manhood: A Reader in U.S. Black Men's History and Masculinity.
By Martha Hodes 977

Deena J. González. Refusing the Favor: The Spanish-Mexican Women of Santa Fe, 1820–1880.
By David J. Langum 979

Firth Haring Fabend. Zion on the Hudson: Dutch New York and New Jersey in the Age of Revivals.
By Richard W. Pointer 979

Beth Barton Schweiger. The Gospel Working Up: Progress and the Pulpit in Nineteenth-Century Virginia.
By Randy J. Sparks 980

Leigh Eric Schmidt. Hearing Things: Religion, Illusions, and the American Enlightenment.
By Mary Farrell Bednarowski 981

Craig James Hazen. The Village Enlightenment in America: Popular Religion and Science in the Nineteenth Century.
By Robert C. Fuller 982

David Morgan. Protestants and Pictures: Religion, Visual Culture, and the Age of American Mass Production.
By James H. Moorhead 983

William Gerrett Piston and Richard W. Hatcher III. Wilson's Creek: The Second Battle of the Civil War and the Men Who Fought It.
By Stephen D. Engle 984

W. Todd Groce. Mountain Rebels: East Tennessee Confederates and the Civil War, 1860–1870.
By Daniel W. Crofts 985

John C. Inscoe and Gordon B. McKinney. The Heart of Confederate Appalachia: Western North Carolina in the Civil War.
By Steven E. Woodworth 986

Mark A. Weitz. A Higher Duty: Desertion among Georgia Troops during the Civil War.
By Mary A. DeCredico 986

Judith Ann Giesberg. Civil War Sisterhood: The U.S. Sanitary Commission and Women's Politics in Transition.
By Joan Waugh 987

Richard Wightman Fox. Trials of Intimacy: Love and Loss in the Beecher-Tilton Scandal.
By Ronald G. Walters 988

Kevin Kenny. Making Sense of the Molly Maguires.
By Michael A. Gordon 989

William G. Thomas. Lawyering for the Railroad: Business, Law, and Power in the New South.
By H. Roger Grant 990

Mark Wahlgren Summers. Rum, Romanism and Rebellion: The Making of a President, 1884.
By Thomas R. Pegram 990

Richard Schneirov, Shelton Stromquist, and Nick Salvatore, editors. The Pullman Strike and the Crisis of the 1890s: Essays on Labor and Politics.
By John H. M. Laslett 991

Maury Klein. The Life and Legend of E. H. Harriman.
By Liston E. Leyendecker 992

Mary N. Woods. From Craft to Profession: The Practice of Architecture in Nineteenth-Century America.
By J. Ritchie Garrison 993

Witold Rybczynski. A Clearing in the Distance: Frederick Law Olmsted and America in the Nineteenth Century.
By John D. Fairfield 994

James A. Prichard. Preserving Yellowstone's Natural Conditions: Science and the Perception of Nature.
By Mark Spence 995

Peter C. Baldwin. Domesticating the Street: The Reform of Public Space in Hartford, 1850–1930.
By Philip J. Ethington 995

James Duane Bolin. Bossism and Reform in a Southern City: Lexington, Kentucky 1880–1940.
By Kevin Mattson 996

John Aubrey Douglass. The California Idea and American Higher Education: 1850 to the 1960 Master Plan.
By W. Bruce Leslie 997

Robert M. Buchanan. Illusions of Equality: Deaf Americans in School and Factory 1850–1950.
By Barry A. Crouch 998

Herbert M. Kliebard. Schooled to Work: Vocationalism and the American Curriculum, 1876–1946.
By Arthur Zilversmit 999

David R. Reynolds. There Goes the Neighborhood: Rural School Consolidation at the Grass Roots in Early Twentieth-Century Iowa.
By Catherine McNicol Stock 1000

Steven J. Keillor. Cooperative Commonwealth: Co-ops in Rural Minnesota, 1859–1939.
By Barbara Handy-Marchello 1001

Steven M. Gelber. Hobbies: Leisure and the Culture of Work in America.
By Cindy S. Aron 1002

Mary Todd. Authority Vested: A Story of Identity and Change in the Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod.
By Randall Balmer 1003

Margaret D. Jacobs. Engendered Encounters: Feminism and Pueblo Cultures, 1879–1934.
By Mary-Ellen Kelm 1003

Gayle Gullett. Becoming Citizens: The Emergence and Development of the California Women's Movement, 1880–1911.
By Rebecca Edwards 1004

Lynne Curry. Modern Mothers in the Heartland: Gender, Health, and Progress in Illinois, 1900–1930.
By Sandra Opdycke 1005

Gardiner H. Shattuck, Jr. Episcopalians and Race: Civil War to Civil Rights.
By James Hudnut-Beumler 1006

Yvonne Chireau and Nathaniel Deutsch, editors. Black Zion: African American Religious Encounters with Judaism.
By Hasia R. Diner 1007

Jeffrey Melnick. A Right to Sing the Blues: African Americans, Jews, and American Popular Song.
By Lewis A. Erenberg 1008

Thomas Doherty. Pre-Code Hollywood: Sex, Immorality, and Insurrection in American Cinema, 1930–1934.
By Clayton Koppes 1009

Desmond King. Making Americans: Immigration, Race, and the Origins of the Diverse Democracy; Matthew Frye Jacobson. Barbarian Virtues: The United States Encounters Foreign Peoples at Home and Abroad, 1876–1917.
By James R. Barrett 1010

Chad Berry. Southern Migrants, Northern Exiles.
By Jack Temple Kirby 1011

Christian Warren. Brush with Death: A Social History of Lead Poisoning.
By Scott Hamilton Dewey 1012

Morton Keller and R. Shep Melnick, editors. Taking Stock: American Government in the Twentieth Century.
By René De La Pedraja 1013

John W. Malsberger. From Obstruction to Moderation: The Transformation of Senate Conservatism, 1938–1952.
By David R. Mayhew 1014

Stefano Luconi. La "Diplomazia Parallela": Il regime facista e la mobilitazione politica degli italo-americani.
By James Edward Miller 1015

Dennis A. Deslippe. "Rights, Not Roses": Unions and the Rise of Working-Class Feminism, 1945–80.
By Nan Enstad 1016

Donald T. Critchlow. Intended Consequences: Birth Control, Abortion, and the Federal Government in Modern America.
By Edward D. Berkowitz 1016

Alison J. Clarke. Tupperware: The Promise of Plastic in 1950s America.
By Arwen P. Mohun 1017

Marc Stein. City of Sisterly and Brotherly Loves: Lesbian and Gay Philadelphia, 1945–1972.
By Lillian Faderman 1018

Suzanne E. Smith. Dancing in the Street: Motown and the Cultural Politics of Detroit.
By Brian Ward 1019

Amy B. Zegart. Flawed by Design: The Evolution of the CIA, JCS, and NSC.
By John Prados 1020

Lucas A. Powe, Jr. The Warren Court and American Politics.
By Kenneth L. Karst 1021

Tinsley E. Yarbrough. The Rehnquist Court and the Constitution.
By Richard L. Pacelle, Jr. 1021


CARIBBEAN AND LATIN AMERICA


Frank Graziano. The Millennial New World.
By Todd A. Diacon 1022

Elizabeth Dore and Maxine Molyneux, editors. Hidden Histories of Gender and the State in Latin America.
By Susan C. Bourque 1023

Andrew Jackson O'Shaughnessy. An Empire Divided: The American Revolution and the British Caribbean.
By Alan L. Karras 1024

César J. Ayala. American Sugar Kingdom: The Plantation Economy of the Spanish Caribbean, 1898–1934.
By J. H. Galloway 1026

Eileen J. Suárez Findlay. Imposing Decency: The Politics of Sexuality and Race in Puerto Rico, 1870–1920.
By Aline Helg 1027

Gabriel Haslip-Viera. Crime and Punishment in Late Colonial Mexico City: 1692–1810.
By R. Douglas Cope 1028

Mark Cronlund Anderson. Pancho Villa's Revolution by Headlines.
By Helen Delpar 1029

Greg Grandin. The Blood of Guatemala: A History of Race and Nation.
By Florencia E. Mallon 1029

Sandra McGee Deutsch. Las Derechas: The Extreme Right in Argentina, Brazil, and Chile, 1890–1939.
By Friedrich E. Schuler 1031


EUROPE: ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL


Jean Andreau. Banking and Business in the Roman World.
By B. B. Price 1032

David Cherry. Frontier and Society in Roman North Africa.
By S. Thomas Parker 1032

Orri Vésteinsson. The Christianization of Iceland: Priests, Power, and Social Change 1000–1300.
By Ruth Mazo Karras 1033

Elisabeth van Houts. Memory and Gender in Medieval Europe, 900–1200.
By Matthew Innes 1034

Katherine Ludwig Jansen. The Making of the Magdalen: Preaching and Popular Devotion in the Later Middle Ages.
By Augustine Thompson, O.P. 1035

David J. F. Crouch. Piety, Fraternity and Power: Religious Gilds in Late Medieval Yorkshire 1389–1547.
By Paul Dalton 1036

Richard K. Marshall. The Local Merchants of Prato: Small Entrepreneurs in the Late Medieval Economy.
By Julius Kirshner 1037


EUROPE: EARLY MODERN AND MODERN


Philippe Boutry, Pierre-Antoine Fabre, and Dominique Julia, editors. Rendre ses voeux: Les identités pèlerines dans l'Europe moderne (XVIe-XVIIIe siècle).
By Clarke Garrett 1038

Michel Lagrée. La bénédiction de Prométhée: Religion et technologie XIXe-XXe siècle.
By Frank M. Turner 1039

Rab Bennett. Under the Shadow of the Swastika: The Moral Dilemmas of Resistance and Collaboration in Hitler's Europe.
By Paul Jankowski 1040

Pat Thane. Old Age in English History: Past Experiences, Present Issues.
By Peter N. Stearns 1041

Ralph Houlbrooke. Death, Religion, and the Family in England, 1480–1750.
By Peter Laslett 1041

Peter Clark. British Clubs and Societies 1580–1800: The Origins of an Associational World.
By J. Gwynfor Jones 1042

Catherine F. Patterson. Urban Patronage in Early Modern England: Corporate Boroughs, the Landed Elite, and the Crown, 1580–1640.
By R. Malcolm Smuts 1043

Jon Parkin. Science, Religion and Politics in Restoration England. Richard Cumberland's De Legibus Naturae.
By John Gascoigne 1044

Eliga H. Gould. The Persistence of Empire: British Political Culture in the Age of the American Revolution.
By Frank O'Gorman 1044

Richard Drayton. Nature's Government: Science, Imperial Britain, and the 'Improvement' of the World.
By John W. Cell 1045

Paula Bartley. Prostitution: Prevention and Reform in England, 1860–1914.
By Nancy Fix Anderson 1046

James K. Hopkins. Into the Heart of the Fire: The British in the Spanish Civil War.
By Nigel Copsey 1047

David French. Raising Churchill's Army: The British Army and the War against Germany 1919–1945.
By Robert H. Larson 1048

Martin H. Folly. Churchill, Whitehall and the Soviet Union, 1940–45.
By Sidney Aster 1049

Angela Bourke. The Burning of Bridget Cleary: A True Story; Joan Hoff and Marian Yeates. The Cooper's Wife is Missing: The Trials of Bridget Cleary.
By Cliona Murphy 1049

Patrice Gueniffey. La politique de la Terreur: Essai sur la violence révolutionnaire 1789–1794.
By D. M. G. Sutherland 1051

Glenn J. Lamar. Jérôme Bonaparte: The War Years, 1800–1815.
By Owen Connelly 1051

Lawrence C. Jennings. French Anti-Slavery: The Movement for the Abolition of Slavery in France, 1802–1848.
By Seymour Drescher 1052

Marie-Claude Blanc-Chaléard. Les italiens dans l'est parisien: Une histoire d'intégration (1880–1960).
By Leslie Page Moch 1053

Pierre Birnbaum. Jewish Destinies: Citizenship, State, and Community in Modern France.
By David Weinberg 1054

Carolyn J. Dean. The Frail Social Body: Pornography, Homosexuality, and Other Fantasies in Interwar France.
By Michael Miller 1055

Sarah Fishman et al., editors. France at War: Vichy and the Historians.
By Zeev Sternhell 1056

Lynne Taylor. Between Resistance and Collaboration: Popular Protest in Northern France, 1940–45.
By Bertram M. Gordon 1057

Gisèle Sapiro. La guerre des écrivains 1940–1953.
By David L. Schalk 1058

Alice Kaplan. The Collaborator: The Trial and Execution of Robert Brasillach; Megan Koreman. The Expectation of Justice: France, 1944–1946.
By Robert O. Paxton 1059

Karina Sonnenberg-Stern. Emancipation and Poverty: The Ashkenazi Jews of Amsterdam, 1796–1850.
By Todd M. Endelman 1060

John Robert Christianson. On Tycho's Island: Tycho Brahe and his Assistants, 1570–1601.
By Peter Barker 1061

Arne Jarrick. Hamlets fråga: En svensk självmordshistoria.
By David L. Ransel 1062

Roddy Nilsson. En välbyggd maskin, en mardröm för själen: Det svenska fängelsesystemet under 1800-talet.
By Byron J. Nordstrom 1063

Lionel Gossman. Basel in the Age of Burckhardt: A Study in Unseasonable Ideas.
By John R. Hinde 1064

Urs Altermatt. Katholizismus und Antisemitismus: Mentalitäten, Kontinuitäten, Ambivalenzen; zur Kulturgeschichte der Schweiz 1918–1945.
By Michael Phayer 1065

Erika Rummel. The Confessionalization of Humanism in Reformation Germany.
By Gerald Strauss 1065

Howard Hotson. Johann Heinrich Alsted 1588–1638: Between Renaissance, Reformation, and Universal Reform.
By Johannes C. Wolfart 1066

Kevin McQuillan. Culture, Religion, and Demographic Behavior: Catholics and Lutherans in Alsace, 1750–1870.
By Stephen L. Harp 1067

Wolfgang Heinrichs. Das Judenbild im Protestantismus des Deutschen Kaiserreichs: Ein Beitrag zur Mentalitätsgeschichte des deutschen Bürgertums in der Krise der Moderne.
By Michael A. Meyer 1068

Frank Möller. Bürgerliche Herrschaft in Augsburg 1790–1880.
By Jonathan Sperber 1069

Margaret Lavinia Anderson. Practicing Democracy: Elections and Political Culture in Imperial Germany.
By Roger Chickering 1070

Maurizio Ricciardi. Ferdinand Tönnies sociologo hobbesiano: Concetti politici e scienza sociale in Germania tra Otto e Novecento.
By Keith Tribe 1071

Wilfried Feldenkirchen. Siemens 1918–1945.
By Alfred C. Mierzejewski 1072

Peter Grieder. The East German Leadership 1946–73: Conflict and Crisis; Mark Allinson. Politics and Popular Opinion in East Germany 1945–68.
By Henry Krisch 1073

Chandak Sengoopta. Otto Weininger: Sex, Science, and Self in Imperial Vienna.
By Gerald N. Izenberg 1074

Daniela Frigo, editor. Politics and Diplomacy in Early Modern Italy: The Structure of Diplomatic Practice, 1450–1800; Christopher Storrs. War, Diplomacy and the Rise of Savoy, 1690–1720.
By Dennis Romano 1075

Luca Molà. The Silk Industry of Renaissance Venice.
By Louise Buenger Robbert 1076

Christine Shaw. The Politics of Exile in Renaissance Italy.
By Margery A. Ganz 1077

Cynthia L. Polecritti. Preaching Peace in Renaissance Italy: Bernardino of Siena and His Audience.
By Nicholas Terpstra 1078

Anthony Grafton. Cardano's Cosmos: The Worlds and Works of a Renaissance Astrologer.
By Paula Findlen 1079

Andrea Carlino. Books of the Body: Anatomical Ritual and Renaissance Learning.
By Domenico Bertoloni Meli 1080

James Fentress. Rebels and Mafiosi: Death in a Sicilian Landscape.
By Charles L. Bertrand 1081

John Dickie. Darkest Italy: The Nation and Stereotypes of the Mezzogiorno, 1860–1900.
By Roger Absalom 1082

Donna R. Gabaccia. Italy's Many Diasporas.
By Samuel L. Baily 1083

Carl Levy. Gramsci and the Anarchists.
By Stanislao G. Pugliese 1083

Brian Porter. When Nationalism Began to Hate: Imagining Modern Politics in Nineteenth-Century Poland.
By Anita Shelton 1084

Keith Hitchins. A Nation Affirmed: The Romanian National Movement in Transylvania, 1860–1914.
By Paul E. Michelson 1085

Radu Ioanid. The Holocaust in Romania: The Destruction of Jews and Gypsies under the Antonescu Regime, 1940–1944.
By Daniel Chirot 1086

Dennis Deletant. Communist Terror in Romania: Gheorghiu-Dej and the Police State 1948–1965.
By Keith Hitchins 1087

Aleksandar Jakir. Dalmatien zwischen den Weltkriegen, Agrarische und urbane Lebenswelt und das Scheitern der jugoslawischen Integration.
By John R. Lampe 1088

Viktor Meier. Yugoslavia: A History of Its Demise.
By Melissa Bokovoy 1089

Georg Bernhard Michels. At War with the Church: Religious Dissent in Seventeenth-Century Russia.
By Paul Bushkovitch 1090

Douglas Smith. Working the Rough Stone: Freemasonry and Society in Eighteenth-Century Russia.
By Marc Raeff 1090

Richard S. Wortman. Scenarios of Power: Myth and Ceremony in Russian Monarchy.
By Terence Emmons 1091

Anna Geifman. Entangled in Terror: The Azef Affair and the Russian Revolution.
By David McDonald 1092

Laura L. Phillips. Bolsheviks and the Bottle: Drink and Worker Culture in St. Petersburg, 1900–1929.
By Barbara Alpern Engel 1093

Charles E. Clark. Uprooting Otherness: The Literacy Campaign in NEP-Era Russia.
By Lynn Mally 1094

Lynne Attwood. Creating the New Soviet Woman: Women's Magazines as Engineers of Female Identity, 1922–53.
By Louise McReynolds 1095

James R. Harris. The Great Urals: Regionalism and the Evolution of the Soviet System.
By Anthony Heywood 1096

Lennart Samuelson. Plans for Stalin's War Machine: Tukhachevsky and Military-Economic Planning, 1925–1941.
By Moshe Lewin 1097

William Taubman, Sergei Khrushchev, and Abbott Gleason, editors. Nikita Khrushchev.
By Martin McCauley 1098

Galina Mikhailovna Ivanova. Labor Camp Socialism: The Gulag in the Soviet Totalitarian System.
By Bruce F. Adams 1099


MIDDLE EAST AND NORTHERN AFRICA


Dick Douwes. The Ottomans in Syria: A History of Justice and Oppression.
By David Commins 1100

Meir Litvak. Shiayni Scholars of Nineteenth-Century Iraq: The aynUlamaayn of Najaf and Karbala.ayn
By Sherman A. Jackson 1100


SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA


Claire Anderson. Convicts in the Indian Ocean: Transportation from South Asia to Mauritius, 1815–53.
By Surendra Bhana 1101

Martin A. Klein. Slavery and Colonial Rule in French West Africa.
By Lamin Sanneh 1102

D. Hugh Gillis. The Kingdom of Swaziland: Studies in Political History.
By Jonathan Crush 1104


Film Reviews


Catherine the Great (Katherina die Grosse). Directed by Marvin J. Chomsky and John Goldsmith.
By Robin Bisha 1106

Enemy at the Gates. Directed by Jean-Jacques Annaud.
By John C. Tibbetts 1107

Mobutu: King of Zaire. Part One: Quest for Power; Part Two: The Upper Hand; Part Three: The End of a Reign. Directed by Thierry Michel.
By James O. Gump 1108

I cento passi (The Hundred Steps). Directed by Marco Tullio Giordana
By Stanislao G. Pugliese 1109


Collected Essays

COMPARATIVE/WORLD


Pieter N. Holtrop and Hugh McLeod, editors. Missions and Missionaries. 1111

Ulrich van der Heyden and Jürgen Becher, editors. Mission und Gewalt: Der Umgang christlicher Missionen mit Gewalt und die Ausbreitung des Christentums in Afrika und Asien in der Zeit von 1792 bis 1918/19. 1111

Hans Vermeulen and Joel Perlmann, editors. Immigrants, Schooling and Social Mobility: Does Culture Make a Difference? 1112


CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES


Warren M. Billings and Mark F. Fernandez, editors. A Law unto Itself? Essays in the New Louisiana Legal History. 1112

Gabor Boritt, editor. The Lincoln Enigma: The Changing Faces of an American Icon. 1112


CARIBBEAN AND LATIN AMERICA


Victor M. Uribe-Uran, editor. State and Society in Spanish America during the Age of Revolution. 1112


EUROPE: ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL


Bernard Andenmatten, Agostino Paravicini Bagliani, and Eva Pibiri, editors. Pierre II de Savoie: "Le Petit Charlemagne." 1113


EUROPE: EARLY MODERN AND MODERN


Michael Zell, editor. Early Modern Kent 1540–1640. 1113

Robin Headlam Wells, Glenn Burgess, and Rowland Wymer, editors. Neo-Historicism: Studies in Renaissance Literature, History and Politics. 1113

Kathryn Gleadle and Sarah Richardson, editors. Women in British Politics, 1760–1860: The Power of the Petticoat. 1113

Martyn Cornick and Ceri Crossley, editors. Problems in French History. 1113

Natacha Coquery, editor. La boutique et la ville: Commerces, comerçants, espaces et clientèles, XVIe-XXe siècle. 1114

José Luis Ramírez Sádaba, editor. Democratización y amejoramiento foral: Una historia de la Transición en Navarra (1975–1983). 1114

Silvana Seidel Menchi and Diego Quaglioni, editors. Coniugi nemici: La separazione in Italia dal XII al XVIII secolo. 1114

John Martin and Dennis Romano, editors. Venice Reconsidered: The History and Civilization of an Italian City State, 1297–1797. 1114

Luigi De Rosa, edit