| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 108.1

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| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 108.1 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Canada and the United States

Paul E. Hoffman. Florida's Frontiers. (A History of the Trans-Appalachian Frontier.) Bloomington: Indiana University Press. 2002. Pp. xvi, 470. $45.00.

Sixth in the "Trans-Appalachian Frontier" series published by Indiana University Press, this splendid volume addresses what Paul E. Hoffman identifies as Florida's five frontiers. They extended from the first Spanish tidewater settlement at St. Augustine in 1565 to the completion of the U.S. federal range and township surveys north of the Caloosahatchee River in 1860. Among this work's special virtues are a treatment of southeastern coastal soils, rainfall patterns, and food resources, a rarity in Florida historiography, and the fullest attention yet paid in a general history to the interaction of Spanish, British, and early American occupiers of these districts with their Native counterparts, including the Timucua, Apalachee, and Guale people in the earliest frontiers, through the Chiscas, Yamassee (and Confederated Yamassee), and Apalachicoli, to the Creek Federation, Seminole, and Miccosukee in the last frontier. 1

Most of this study concerns itself with peninsular Florida, where the Spaniards, and the British during their interregnum (1763–1784), concentrated settlements and economies on the sandy northeast coastal plain. Far better soil was available in the piedmont (Georgia north to Virginia), but the Spaniards, who had an opportunity to move northward when the land was vacant except for its chiefdoms, for military reasons held to the peninsula's "worthless land and swamps," as even St. Augustine's founder Pedro Menéndez de Avilés called it. . . .

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